Title : Characterization of isolated strains of microorganisms from mineral, mountain and spring waters from France, Italy, England, South Korea, Japan, Netherlands, Austria, Spain, Singapore, Germany, Switzerland, Greece, Turkey, Dubai and Bulgaria

The aim of this work is to isolate and identify microorganisms from 500 medicinal, mountain and spring waters from Europe, Asia and America, in the region of Paris, France, Rome, Saturnia, Venice, Italy, London, England, Busan, Seoul, Incheon, South Korea, Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, Japan, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Baden, Vienna, Zurich, Bern, Geneva, Switzerland, Barcelona, Milan, Madrid, Valencia, Barcelona, Spain, Munich Berlin, Frankfurt, Germany, Athens, Greece, Alanya, Cappadocia. Turkey, Dubai, Singapore, Orlando, Los Angeles, New York, USA and in 24 regions of Bulgaria. 350 bacterial strains were isolated, morphological, cultural and biological properties of the identified strains were determined. 20% are unidentified, this means that they are new and are the subject of research. For the first time, not only microorganisms and archaea, but also algae and trees were identified in the springs. These springs are located in areas near the Yellow Sea, the South China Sea, the Sea of Japan, which are part of the Pacific Ocean, and the Persian Gulf as a part of the Indian Ocean. The data show that the isolated 9 strains from the hypothermal healing spring waters in the Paris area, France were identified as N. Valcheva - Lisinibacillus pakistanensis, Serratia marcescens (four strains), Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus haemoliticus, Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus. The isolated strains from thermal healing springs in Saturnia, Tuscany region and Fontana di Trevi in Rome, Italy were identified as N. Valcheva - Tiobacillus Ferrooxidans, Staphylococcus cohnii, from a hypothermal spring in the London area as N. Valcheva - Aeromonas caviae, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, from a mountain spring in the area of Busan, South Korea, was identified as N. Valcheva - Bacillus safensis, Staphylococcus cohnii, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, Staphylococcus cohnii. From a mountain geothermal spring in the area of Tokyo, Japan, strains were identified as N. Valcheva - Bacillus safensis, Phellodendron chinense, Aeromonas caviae, Pseudomonas japonica. The strains identified in the Amsterdam, Netherlands area were identified as N.Valcheva&A.Atanasova - Aeromonas viridans, N.Valcheva&V.P.Panteleev - P. japonica, N.Valcheva&V.V. Panteleev - Aeromonas salmonicida, N.Valcheva&A.V. Panteleev - Aeromonas caviae, N.Valcheva&L.A.V. Panteleeva - Phellodendrom chinense. Sulfur bacteria of the species N. Valcheva - Chlorobium chlorochromatii were identified from the healing springs in the region of  Baden and Vienna, Austria. The strains from Bulgaria were identified from 100 hypothermal, thermal and common springs from 11 regions and belong to the following 14 genera: N. Valcheva - Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Geobacillus, Aeromonas, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas, Serratia, Nocardia, Trichosporon, Azoarens , Lisinbacillus, Rhodococci. From the hypothermal salt source in Barcelona, in the area to the Mediterranean Sea, 29 species of organisms were identified N.Valcheva §St.Mihailov - Pseudomonas shengduensis, N.Valcheva&V.Marinova-Bacillus cereus (3 strains), N.Valcheva&I.D.Valchev - Shevanella algae (3 strains), N.Valcheva&D.I.Valchev - Acinetobacter quillouiae, N. Valcheva&N.I.Valcheva - Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, N.Valcheva&I.I.Valcheva - Pseudomonas korensis, N.Valcheva&P.N.Valcheva - Delftia acidovorans (2 strains), N.Valcheva&M.P.Pantelev - Citrobacter frendii, N. Valcheva&M.I.Panteleeva - Pseudomonas rhodesiae, N.Valcheva&D.Eschkenazy - Pseudomonas Chloraphis, N. Valcheva&H.Eschkenazy - Pseudomonas korecusis, N.Valcheva -M.Eschkenazy - Pseudomonas chlororaphis, N. Valcheva&G.Dimov - Strenotrophomonas sp., N.Valcheva&M.Naneva - Preudomonas rhodesiae, N.Valcheva& N.Nanev - Enterobacter Ludwigii, N. Valcheva&St.Stratiev - Aeromonas caviae (2 strains), N.Valcheva&P. Panteleev - Aeromonas mediae, N.Valcheva& E.Todorovska - Providencia retgerri, N.Valcheva - A.Stoyanova -Myroides odoratiminus, N.Valcheva&R.Moneva - Alcaligenes faecalis. N.Valcheva - Bacillus safensi is the only test that shows a significant reduction in the number of cells by 50% compared to cells in lung cancer A549. Concentration from 100 μg /mL. Metabolomic profiling of crude extracts from N.Valcheva - Bacillus safensis, isolated from a source in Tokyo and a source in Busan, South Korea, near the spring of South China Sea, reveals the presence of known antibacterial and/or anticancer agents such as licorin, angustin, krinamidin, Vaccinol and poulin.N. Valcheva - Acinetobacter guillouiae(born in Barcelona) degradates plasma. With probiotic action from N.Valcheva - Bacillus subtilis and N. Valcheva - Bacillus methylotrophius(Bulgaria). N.Valcheva&I.I.Valcheva - Pseudomonas korensis is used for vaccination. The identified strains from a source in the Singapore area are: N.Valcheva- Aeromonas caviae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Kurthia gibsoni, Roatella ornithinolitica, Kurthia gibsonii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Alcaligens fecalis, Aeromonas veronii, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter hormchei, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter frendii, Debaromyces hansenii, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas sp..  The identified strains from a spring in the Berlin, Munich, Frankfurt,  Germany area are: N.Valcheva- Klebsiella, pneumoniae, N.Valcheva&A. Dechev, N.Valcheva&T. Bazaitova Serratia liquafaciens,N.Valcheva - Aerococcus oxytoca, Buttiauxella gaviniae, Debaromyces hansenii, Aeromonas salmonicida, Rhenimera soli, Pseudomonas brenneri, Bacillus sereus. The identified strains from a spring in the Alania, Turkey-N.Valcheva-Exiguobacterium aquaticum. All isolated strains have enzyme, anti-fungal and antibacterial activity. Remediation is used to extract valuable metals or remove metals that are harmful to organisms. All strains have different biological activity. The difference in the type of strains identified can be explained by the influence of the composition of the water, the type of soil and rocks through which it passes, the temperature, the pH of the environment and the different geographical location.

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