Title : Climate change as a workplace public health emergency: Occupational risk, workforce resilience, and organizational responsibility

Climate change is no longer just an environmental issue; it is also a major workplace public health concern that affects workers’ safety, health, and productivity. This paper explores how climate-related hazards such as extreme heat, air pollution, flooding, and the spread of infectious diseases are increasing risks for workers across many industries. Sectors like agriculture, construction, and informal employment are especially vulnerable because workers are often exposed to harsh outdoor conditions and have limited protection. In many low and middle income countries, these risks are even greater due to weaker safety regulations, poor infrastructure, and limited access to healthcare. The paper explains how these climate-related challenges worsen existing health problems and create new ones. For example, extreme heat can lead to heat stress and dehydration, while air pollution can cause breathing problems and long-term respiratory diseases. Flooding and environmental disruptions can also increase the spread of infectious diseases. In addition to physical health effects, climate change can contribute to stress, anxiety, and other mental health issues among workers. These combined impacts can reduce workers’ productivity, increase absenteeism, and affect overall workforce stability. Furthermore, the paper discusses practical strategies to help workers adapt and remain safe. These include improving workplace risk assessments, developing early warning systems for extreme weather, providing worker education and training, and strengthening health monitoring systems. The role of employers and organizations is also emphasized in creating safer and more supportive work environments. It is therefore recommended that organizations implement climate-responsive workplace policies such as heat action plans, flexible work schedules, and mandatory rest breaks to reduce workers’ exposure to extreme conditions. It is also recommended that governments and employers invest in worker education, health surveillance systems, and early warning mechanisms to improve preparedness and response to climate-related risks.

Keywords: Climate change; Occupational health; Workplace safety; Heat stress; Workforce resilience; Organizational responsibility.

To be updated shortly..