Climate Change, Environment and Planetary Health

The session on Climate Change, Environment and Planetary Health explores the growing recognition that human health is inseparably linked to environmental systems and planetary stability. Climate change has emerged as one of the greatest public health threats of the twenty-first century, influencing disease patterns, food security, water availability, and population displacement. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, air pollution, and ecosystem disruption are directly affecting physical and mental health across regions. Epidemiological evidence is critical for understanding these impacts and guiding adaptive public health responses, making this theme central to global discussions at major Public Health Conference platforms.

Environmental and climate epidemiology examines how environmental exposures influence population health outcomes. Heat-related illnesses, respiratory conditions, cardiovascular disease, vector-borne infections, and waterborne diseases are increasingly linked to climate variability and environmental degradation. The application of planetary health epidemiology enables researchers to assess exposure–response relationships and identify vulnerable populations disproportionately affected by climate-related risks. Epidemiological data support early warning systems, climate adaptation strategies, and policies aimed at mitigating health impacts.

Planetary health emphasizes the long-term sustainability of natural systems that support human survival. Changes in land use, biodiversity loss, pollution, and resource depletion undermine ecosystem services essential for health. Population-based studies reveal how environmental change interacts with social determinants such as poverty, housing, and occupational exposure to amplify health risks. Integrating environmental monitoring with health surveillance strengthens the ability to predict emerging threats and design interventions that protect both human health and ecological integrity.

As climate-related health challenges intensify, public health systems are adapting through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovation. Advances in remote sensing, geospatial analysis, and climate modeling enhance the ability to track environmental exposures and anticipate health impacts. Workforce development initiatives emphasize climate literacy, environmental risk assessment, and cross-sector coordination. By strengthening epidemiological research and policy action in climate change, environment, and planetary health, public health systems can promote resilience, protect vulnerable populations, and support sustainable pathways for global health and well-being.